Move to Sabaudia

While it might seem like the Raczkiewicz family was in Sabaudia “forever,” their move there began with my 3x grandfather. Before that the family was in Majdan Górny, and before that they were in Łaszczówka. ***** ŁASZCZÓWKA: Łaszczówka is a village about one mile east of Tomaszów Lubelski. It currently has about 1,000 residents. It is on the Sołokija River and its tributary Harasinka. While civilization was there for centuries before, the city originated in 1609 by Florian Łaszcz Nidedewski. Three peasant families escaped neighboring villages to live there. It changed hands legally many times as an inheritance, a dowry or a purchase but it was also invaded by a disgruntled heir in 1623. There were frequent Tartar invasions. In 1630, there were 194 houses but due to invasions there were only 80 in 1650. In the first half of the 1700s, they lost their rights as a city and became a village. After several more ownership changes, it belonged to Jozef Radecki in 1740, around the time of Pawel Raczkiewicz’ (5x great) birth. ***** Besides the Raczkiewicz family (Pawel and Franciszka) originating from Łaszczówka, several other branches of the family also originated from there. Krwaczyk family members lived there for several generations. Kazmierez Krawczyk (5x great), born about 1748, lived and died there. Kazimierz was born about 1748. His children all remained in Łaszczówka, except one who moved to Sznury. Franciszek Gołębiowski (5x great), born around 1753, lived in Majdan Górny and it is unknown if he originated from Łaszczówka, like the othersIt is unknown who the 5x great Grabek/Walawenders were and where they originated from. ***** Because Radecki owed a debt to the Church, the church was taken over by the Trinitarians from Tomaszów. The Austrians, when they invaded, abolished the Trinitarians so the church was first attached to Chodywance then later to the parish of Tomaszów. (This is why some of the early records are not in the Tomaszów books See: Jednostka - Szukaj w Archiwach 1784 to 1813 Górno, Jezierna, Łaszczówka, Sznury, Ruda Wołoska) ***** Jan (4x great) was born in Łaszczówka in about 1778. ***** Majdan Górny: ***** Majdan Górny is a village that was important to several branches of the family tree. The village of Majdan Górny was founded at the beginning of the 18th century and takes its name from Górno. Majdan Górny and Łaszczówka were part of the same estate in 1747, established by Maurycy Kurdwanowski, castellan of Halych with wife Rozalia Granowska. In 1782 it went to their son Jan. In 1809, a small part went to Jan Kiwerski, the estate administrator. ***** Walenty Grabek (4x great) married Teresa Walawender in 1791 in Majdan Górny. All their children lived and died there. Eventually, Teresa remarried Grzegorz Lebiodowska, from Podhorce. ***** By 1813 or earlier Jan Raczkiewicz and Apolonia Gołębiowska moved from Łaszczówka to Majdan Górny. Jan and Anna’s six sons all were peasant farmers in Majdan Gorny except Michał who later moved to Sabaudia. Why Jan didn’t stay in Łaszczówka is unknown. During the same time period nine children of the Krawczyk family remained in Łaszczówka with only two daughters moving to live in Majdan Górny. Why they lived in Majdan Górny where Apolonia had two brothers is unknown. ***** Michał Raczkiewicz (3x great), born around 1805 in Majdan Górny, married Anna Dominik in 1824. The Dominik family came from the village of Różaniec, and around 1780 they began to move to Majdan Górny. After 1825, the name Dominik rarely appears in the records of the Tarnogród parish. ***** In 1855 another manor farm and house were established. It was originally part of the Łaszczówka estate owned by Hulewicz, until the January Uprising in 1863, when it was passed to the Kozlowski family. They modernized it, added breeding ponds, and started a brickyard. The enfranchisement of peasants at this time meant they gained ownership of 1180 morgens (729 acres) of land and 400 morgue (247 acres) of forest. With the changes to serfdom, peasants were able to acquire land, though often with terms more favorable to the original manor owners. The land that they were required to sell off was often less desirable, often not contiguous with other land, and available in small strips. The financial arrangements were also often challenging. By the end of the 1800s, there were 6 carpenters, 15 weavers, 2 wheelwrights, 6 sawmills, 4 spooners and 1 blacksmith, as well as several beekeepers. 976 people lived there, including 868 Catholics. August 1914, the Austrians shelled the Russians, destroying most of the buildings, and killing around a dozen Austrian soldiers. By 1921, there were 193 houses and 1277 people. ***** SABAUDIA: ***** “Sabaudia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tomaszów Lubelski, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.” It is about two miles northeast of the city of Tomaszow. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabaudia,_Lublin_Voivodeship There are currently 600 people living there. Here is a link to the current area. If you switch to satellite view and zoom in, you can see that the area is still very agricultural. If you click on the picture on the lower left, you can get street view and look up and down the street. There is a little shrine at the intersection. https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Sabaudia/22-600+Tomasz%C3%B3w+Lubelski/@50.4513291,23.4332671,13z/data=!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x4724af60ea937279:0xa350c5b9c962ba7d!2m2!1d23.4341877!2d50.4714181!1m5!1m1!1s0x4724af11c7aacc15:0x268d7ac08cef58c!2m2!1d23.4163099!2d50.447024!3e0 ***** There is evidence the land was occupied as long ago as the middle stone age, but modern history documents brickyards in the 1770’s. A manor was established in 1836 and the area had 15 peasants. In 1837, with contracts with the ordinator Konstanty Zamojski and later his brother Stanisław, it was sold to five Germans, one Dane and two Poles. (I have seen the contract for Rogoźno, from February 28, 1785, that a distant relative acquired from a researcher so the contract for Sabaudia is also likely available. Andrzej Zamojski entered into a contract with 100 German families to live in Rogoźno.) ***** Michał raised his family in Majdan Górny, Poland until around 1848 or 1850, when he moved to Sabaudia. Michał died in the village of Sabaudia on November 4, 1882. When Michał died, he left a will leaving his farm in Sabaudia to his grandson Jan Raczkiewicz (2x great), according to his 2x great grandson Eugeniusz Raczkiewicz. Jan was a few days away from being 18 years old. Jan’s parents were both deceased, along with his siblings, and his stepfather Tomasz Kędra and stepmother Anna Raczkiewicz had additional children in Sabaudia: Jakub (1883), Rozalia (1885), Jozefa (1888), and Jan (1890). Why didn’t Michał leave the land to one of his children? Michał’s children (who were Jan’s aunts and uncles) likely already had land available to them. Michał had three children who died in childhood, a son Marcin had died at age 25 and his widow had remarried, and Jan’s father Antoni who had died at age 26. That left the oldest son Jan and his son Jakób to potentially inherit his farm. However, Jan, age 57, was already farming land in Majdan Górny, possibly from his wife’s family. Jakób had moved to Jezernia, where the family of his wife Katarzyna Kedrak lived. Two daughters of Michał were farming with their husbands: Marianna with Jakub Herda in Majan Górny and Katarzyna with Jan Rekolhicz in Sabauda. That left grandson Jan to be named in the will. Three years after inheriting the land, Jan married in 1885. Jan was 21 years old, a week over the legal age to marry without parental permission. When she married, Katarzyna was 16 years old according to the record, but actually 14 and 1/2 years old, according to her actual birth record. Katarzyna’s siblings and mother were deceased. ***** The village of Sabaudia grew slowly and by around 1900, there were 17 houses with 137 people living there. By then, six of their nine children had been born. During the Russian partition, a primary school was established in 1902, so the younger children were likely able to attend school. ***** In 1921, there were 36 houses, with 35 of them occupied. By then World War 1 had occurred in the area, Jan was deceased, the three oldest sons Jan, Antoni and Jozef had left for the United States. The two brickyards were in operation and people made a living mostly by farming. That year daughter Paulina married Jan Dubiel and moved to Rogoźno, in 1923 daughter Mary moved to the U.S., and sometime before 1927, son Piotr married Jozefa Szczupkowska and moved to Podhorce. ***** In the 1930s, the village was built with cobblestones in the streets and a paved road was built to Tomaszów Lubelski. A small shop was operated, and it was purchased by a priest in 1935. Times were hard and there was little help from the government. ***** “Dzieje Miejscowosci Gminy Tomaszów Lubelski.” Dzieje Gmin Zamojszczyzny, 2011. Retreived July 11, 2023 from https://dzieje_gminy_tomaszow_lubelski_-_calosc_z_okladka.pdf (tomaszowlubelski.pl)